How to Convert VSWR to Return Loss

Finned N-type RF dummy load on a laboratory bench with CentronRF watermark

First compute reflection coefficient magnitude from VSWR, then calculate −20 log10 of that magnitude. The result is positive return loss for an ordinary passive mismatch.

How it works in practice

VSWR near 1 gives a small reflection coefficient and large return loss. Precision near an excellent match can be limited by measurement uncertainty. An ideal VSWR of exactly 1 implies zero reflection and mathematically infinite return loss; real measurements have finite resolution.

Example and interpretation

VSWR 1.2 gives a magnitude near 0.0909 and return loss about 20.83 dB.

Checks before use

  • Calculate reflection magnitude
  • Apply the return-loss formula
  • Round within measurement capability
  • State frequency

Important limit

Do not report mathematically infinite matching quality from a rounded display of 1.00.

Related Centron RF product

SMA 2 W 6 GHz fixed attenuator. Use calculated levels to define a requirement, then compare it with the exact product’s current bandwidth, input power, impedance and available attenuation options. Calculations assume stated conditions and do not replace a component datasheet.

Further reading

Keysight: Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements. This background reference explains general principles; the selected Centron RF model’s datasheet governs its own ratings.

Related guides

Educational guide. Numerical examples use the stated assumptions and are not test results for a supplied unit.